Expressão de genes relacionados com a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja

Abstract

The production of soybean seeds with high physiological quality is important to guarantee the productivity of improved plants. It’s is still known that exists genetic variability for this characteristic between cultivar of soybeans. The objective of this work was to select genotypes of soybeans for physiological quality characteristic through germination and vigor tests, and to study the expression of genes through transcripts and proteins related to the physiological quality of seeds. Were evaluated a first experiment producing seeds from 12 cultivars: CD 201, CA115, MS8400, Syn1263, Syn1279, CD202, CD215, BRS820, Conquista, Savana, UFLA1, and BMXpot. A second experiment, were evaluated, chosen 6 cultivars with contrasting quality and new seed multiplied for evaluation. Protein level were studied the isoenzymes systems like alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), piruvato decarboxylase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), isocitrate liase (ICL), esterase (EST), glutamate oxaloacetato transferase (GOT), and proteins resistant to heat. For the study of levels of transcripts were used the PCR in real time technique (qRT-PCR). The method used was the comparative CT and the genes worked were for the following enzymes: SOD, CAT, MDH, PGI, ICL and PRx. It can be concluded through the results of germination and vigor tests, that seeds from cultivars CD 201, CA115 and MS8400 were classified like high physiological quality and the cultivars SYN1263, SYN1279 and CD202 were classified like low physiological quality. The proteomic analysis with the enzymes involved in the process of respiration like alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase and pyruvate decarboxylase, it can be inferred that these are promissory markers to the evaluation of physiological quality of soybeans seeds. Higher expression of peroxiredoxins enzyme could be related to the low physiological quality of soybeans seeds.