Desenvolvimento de métodos empregando técnicas miniaturizadas de preparo de amostras na determinação residual de anestésico em peixes

Abstract

Fish farming is an activity of great expression in agriculture, and as in most cultures, there are certain managements who are responsible for high stress in fish. Inevitably, this stress directly influences economic performance and welfare of animals, and therefore, the application of drugs is recommended to minimize these effects. However, each drug has a residual period, which badly scaled or not respected, generate waste in fish sold in the food industry. Thus, in order to allow a better standardization of the residual period and fish monitoring, making them safer for consumption, it is essential the development of analytical protocols for the rapid detection of these residues in fish fillet. In this sense, it aimed to the development of analytical methodologies able to determine residual traces of the anesthetic menthol (1R, 2S, 5R) -2-isopropyl-5-metylcyclohexanol fillets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and catfish (Pseudoplatystoma sp) using the sample preparation techniques: single drop microextraction (SDME), solid phase microextraction (SPME) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and gas chromatography with detection by mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For the development of methods of analysis, the parameters that affect the efficiency of extraction of menthol employed by sample preparation techniques were optimized to obtain the best sensitivity, multivariate analysis. In planning the analyzes it used the rotational central composite design (RCCD), which made it possible to analyze the variables jointly and strategically, resulting in accurate measurement s with less analysis. After determined the best working conditions for the determination of menthol, the methodologies developed were validated and applied to the quantification of residual anesthetic in tilapia fillets and catfish, with considerable precision and accuracy.