Caracterização de cultivares de soja por descritores morfológicos e marcadores bioquímicos de proteínas e isoenzimas

Abstract

The use of morphological descriptors and protein and isozymes biochemical markers have been recommended for soybean cultivar characterization. The aim of this study was to identify ten soybean cultivars using such descriptors and markers. The morphological descriptors evaluated in seedlings, plants and seeds were those recommended by the Cultivars Protection Act and UPOV and were efficient in cultivar separation. Specific markers for seven of the ten cultivars were obtained. Total protein separated the cultivars into three groups: 1) Conquista, BRIAC 21 and Garantia; 2) Liderança, Confiança and Monarca; 3) Splendor, UFV 16, FT 2000 and Vencedora. Superoxide dismutase, diaforase, phosphoglucomutase, esterase, alcohol desidrogenase, isocitrado desidrogenase and peroxidase separated the cultivars into six groups: 1) Conquista and Confiança; 2) Splendor and FT 2000; 3) UFV 16 and Garantia; 4) BRIAC 21; 5) Liderança and Monarca; 6) Vendedora. The use of biochemical markers with morphological descriptors was useful to soybean cultivar characterization.