Qualidade de sementes de milho armazenadas em diferentes embalagens e condições de armazenamento

Abstract

One of the consequences of the technological improvement of farmers and of the increase of cultivated area is the ever-greater need for high vigor seeds. After harvesting the seeds, it is important to ensure the maintenance of the high quality of seeds derived from the field. For this maintenance, one must always be aware of storage conditions. Furthermore, the preservation of seed quality is also associated to the type of packaging used, which must always be chosen for each seed species. In the present work, a differentiated behavior was observed among the hybrids regarding seed quality in relation to the packaging factor, presenting no reduction in vigor for SHS5050 by means of the accelerated aging test for all packages, whereas a reduction in vigor was observed for BM820 when the materials were stored using polypropylene package plaited with a sheet of paper. Corn seeds stored in cold chambers maintained germination and physiological quality for up to 12 months. However, under uncontrolled conditions, quality is reduced, especially after eight months of storage. The seeds stored in Lavras-MG, Brazil, presented different results for each hybrid. For hybrid SHS5070, the multifaceted paper packaging was superior to that of polypropylene plaited with a sheet of paper, after 12 months of storage. The reverse occurred for hybrid BM3061, for which the plaited polypropylene packaging was prominent, especially at 12 months of storage. There was no effect of the packaging factor for seeds stored in Patos de Minas-MG, Brazil. In the uncontrolled environment, the seeds showed an increase in fungal incidence after 12 months of storage. Seeds stored in cold chamber do not deteriorate after 12 months of storage.