Desenvolvimento e multiplicação in vitro de embriões obtidos por embriogênese somática direta de Coffea arabica L. cv. Acaiá Cerrado

Abstract

An important method of in vitro plant’s multiplication of Coffea is somatic embryogenesis, which consists in developing embryoid from haploid or diploid somatic cells, without the fusion of gametes allowing the accelerated micropropagation and maintenance of superior clones interspecific hybrids. However there are few reports of direct embryogenesis in Coffea arabica. The objective of this work to establish protocol for in vitro development of somatic embryos and seedlings of C. arabica Acaiá Cerrado. The influence of sucrose (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 g L-1) x BAP (0, 2, 4 and 8 mg L-1) on somatic embryos from embryogenic were evaluated. In seedling development, NAA (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg L-1) x GA3 (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10 and 20 mg L-1) in shoots were tested, with average size of 1 to 1.5 cm, derived from somatic embryos in vitro. During the development stage of embryos and embryonic seedling induction, the experiment was conducted in a growth chamber under conditions of darkness and the stage of development of embryos and seedlings, the explants were subjected to irradiation around 32 mM m- 2 s-1 and a photoperiod of 16 hours at a temperature of 25 ± 1 º C. In acclimatization, the effect of the presence and absence of roots in coffee seedlings originating from direct somatic embryogenesis were evaluated. The addition of 90 g L-1 sucrose and 2 mg L-1 BAP to the culture medium provides a better in vitro growth of embryos from coffee. Using 0.5 mg L-1 NAA and 14.2 mg L-1 GA3 obtains greater shoot length of shoots of C. arabica L. cv. Acaiá Cerrado. It was concluded that it is possible to obtain plantlets C. arabica L. Acaiá Cerrado by direct somatic embryogenesis. The rooting of shoots of coffee Acaiá Cerrado occurs simultaneously with the process of acclimatization.