Avaliação da utilização de antibióticos em leitões na fase de creche

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of antibiotics used continuously, on the intestinal health and performance of weanling piglets in the nursery phase, through two experiments. Experiment 1 was carried out at the Experimental Center for Swine, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA. Eighty piglets (castrated males) from the cross between DB90 and LQ1250 breeder, initial weight of 6.3 ± 0.44 kg and 23 days of age were used, distributed in randomized blocks with 10 replications and four piglets per experimental plot in 2 treatments for 42 days: negative control diet without the addition of any additive (CN); positive control: CN + antibiotic. Experiment 2 was carried out at the Experimental Center located on the premises of the commercial farm Auma Alimentos, in the municipality of Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais. 144 piglets from the crossing of Matrix DB90 with LQ1250 broodstock, initial weight of 6.5 ± 0.44 kg and 23 days of age were used, distributed in randomized blocks with 6 replications and 12 piglets per experimental plot in 2 treatments for 42 days: negative control diet without addition of any additive (CN); positive control: CN + antibiotic. Significant differences were observed in the Temperature and Humidity Index (ITU) between the cities of Patos de Minas and Lavras at 42 days of experiment (P <0.05), in which Lavras presented ITU = 78.7. In Experiment 1, significant differences were observed in weight at 42 days, as well as lower CA for the CP animals (P> 0.05), in Experiment 2 the animals from the CP generating higher GPD in the period from 14 to 42 days (P> 0, 05). Intestinal morphology was not influenced by treatments (P>0.05). In Experiment 1, an antioxidant SOD activity was higher for the CP piglets (P < 0.05), for Experiment 2, the performance of GST for the lower CP animals. There was no significant difference between treatments for TNF-α as well as IL 1 β on the available days. IL-10, for Experiment 1, was lower in the CP treatment compared to the CN on the 10th day of the experiment (P < 0.05). With this study, improvements in animal performance were obtained, as well as a reduction in diarrhea rates for animals in CP treatment in both experiments. However, the use of Colistin Sulfate prophylactically showed better results when compared to Halquinol used as a performance enhancer.