Competitividade no comércio internacional do café: um estudo comparativo entre Brasil, Colômbia e Peru

Abstract

The present study analyzed total coffee exports from Brazil, Colombia and Peru. The choice of these three countries for analysis was due to the fact that they are the most expressive in South America, concerning international coffee trade. The period of analysis ranges from 1994 to 2013. The objective of the study was to verify the gains and/or losses of competitiveness in the global trade, as well as identify the main sources for growth and/or drop in the export of these countries. We employed the second level Constant Market Share (CMS) model and the Revealed Comparative Advantages (RCA) index. In the results, we noted that Brazil and Peru were able to increase their participation in the global coffee market, however, participation by Colombia decreased. We also verify that Brazil and Peru presented competitiveness gain in the international coffee market, which did not occur for Colombia.