Atributos do solo e estado nutricional de cafeeiros cultivados por agricultores familiares em sistema orgânico

Abstract

The present work was carried out in order to analyze the planting system (high and low plant stand) influence on coffee trees (Coffea arabica L.) yield, of Catuaí and Mundo Novo progenies. Twenty nine progenies at fourth generation by selfing of the second backcrossing of Catuaí to Mundo Novo, developed by Coffee Genetic Breeding Minas Gerais program, coordinated by EPAMIG. Thirteen cultivars were used as control, topázio MG-1189 and 1189 SL, Catuaí Vermelho IAC-15, IAC-99 and IAC-144, Catuaí Amarelo MG-17, Rubi MG-1192 and 1192SL. Acaiá Cerrado MG-1474 and 1474SL, Mundo Novo IAC379-19, IAC-376-4 and 376-4 SL The experiment established on the São Sebastião do Paraíso EPAMIG s experimental station, January of 1996 at the spacing of 3.50 x 1.00 m (free growth) and 1.80 x 0.60 m (high stand system). The randomized block design was utilized, the treatments being made up of 42 progenies/cultivars with three replicates and six plants per plot. Bean yield in bags of 60 kg of processed coffee/ha was evaluated. The analysis of variance was accomplished with split plots where each biennium (grouping of harvest) was considered as a subplot. The results obtained allowed to verify that the initial yield in the crowded system was higher than that in the free growth, however, during the development of the plants, that difference tends to decrease. For both the spacing, one can utilize any of the cultivars since they behaved themselves in a similar way. The cultivars utilized as a control which presented the highest yields were: Topázio MG-1189 and 1189SL, RubiMG-1192 and 1192SL, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 and IAC 144 and Mundo Novo IAC-376-4 and 376-4SL.