Diagnóstico das ocorrências ambientais registradas pela Companhia de Polícia Militar Independente de Meio Ambiente de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The repression and prevention of environmental crimes and administrative infractions in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, concentrated the efforts of governmental organs, organized civil society and of all those who have premise established in the Federal Constitution regarding the defense of the environment. In this context, the Military Police of Minas Gerais, centered on the Constitution of the State of Minas Gerais and by means of the State Decree no 44,844, of June 25th 2008, acts in the prevention and repression of environmental offences within the State. In this study, the occurrences of environmental crimes were analyzed by didactically separate groups of fauna, fishing, flora and potentially pollutant activities in the area of territorial responsibility (encompassing 47 municipalities) of the Environmental Independent Military Police Campaign (Cia PM Ind MAmb), from the period of 2012 to 2015. A database was created with information available in environmental police reports registered in the area of the Campaign. Maps were created with the locations of the occurrences of each group of environmental crimes. Quantitative tables of the occurrences distributed by squads, groupings and municipalities were also created. We analyzed the geographic distribution of these crimes, the probable causes that justify these occurrences and the operation planning done by the Operation Planning Section of the Campaign. In the period of 2012 to 2015, 9,368 occurrences of environmental crimes were registered in the studies area, 3,544 (37.83%) for fauna, 203 (2.17%) for fishing, 3,066 (32.73%) for flora, and 2,555 (27.27%) of potentially pollutant activities. The occurrence registries of the fauna group are highlighted in Belo Horizonte, the fishing group in Juatuba and Betim, the flora group in Ouro Preto and Esmeraldas, and the potentially pollutant activities in Betim. In the identification of the profile of the offender (legal person of legal entity), most refer to legal person, however, the legal entity is highlighted when concerning the potentially pollutant activities. The results of this research will subsidize the environmental planning of preventive and repressive operations, in addition to aiding in the decision making regarding the allocation of logistic resources and human talents used in the context of environmental monitoring.