Cultivares de soja geneticamente modificada e seus efeitos sobre a comunidade de insetos

Abstract

Soybeans (Glycine Max) are the main product of the Brazilian agroindustry. At the moment, the country is the world's largest exporter of grain, mainly used for animal feed, followed by human food and the cosmetics industry. The present work was carried out at the Center for Scientific and Technological Development in Agriculture of UFLA (CDCT) – Fazenda Muquém, an experimental area belonging to the Federal University of Lavras, located in the municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais. The specific objectives of the study were to compare the entomofauna between different genetically modified soybean materials, with the cultivars Intacta 2 PRO (event MON 87701 x MON 89788) resistant to resistance attack and the cultivar GTS 40-3-2 (technology Round Up Ready), susceptible to the usual attack. Indices of abundance, diversity and richness of insect species in cultivars were surveyed. Observational data were also collected between observations and crop insects and abundance levels of polenophagous insects in the treatments. Insects were collected in yellow traps (pan-trap) over a period of nine weeks. The collections were transported to the Conservation Biological Control Laboratory (LABCON) at the Federal University of Lavras, where they were screened and identified to specific taxonomic levels. The INTACTA event presented a higher parasitoid abundance index (p=0.02). The treatments did not highlight a significant difference in the richness index (p=0.30) and in the parasitoid diversity index (p=0.78). The pollinator Astylus variegatus had greater abundance in the RR event (p=0.00044). The correlation between the predator Condylostylus spp. and the thysanopterans Caliothrips phaseoli and Frankniella occidentalis was positive in the RR event (R=0.45; p=0.062), but was not significant, and was positive and significant in the INTACTA event (R=0. 64; p=0.0043). The ecological interaction between Condylostylus spp. and thysanoptera requires more detailed studies, which are limited by the dificulty of studying these groups in a controlled environment.