Estabelecimento e multiplicação in vitro de Physalis peruviana L.

Abstract

Aiming the in vitro establishment and the multiplication of Physalis peruviana L., two experiments were conducted. For the establishment it was tested five procedures of desinfestation of the seeds, (P1: alcohol 70% for 30 seconds; P2: sodium hypochlorite 2.5% for three minutes; P3: calcium hypochlorite 2.5% for three minutes; P4: alcohol 70% for 30 seconds + sodium hypochlorite 2.5% for three minutes; P5: alcohol 70% for 30 seconds + calcium hypochlorite for three minutes). Half of the seeds were maintained in the darkness and the other half were transferred for growth room with 16 hour- photoperiod, luminous flow density of 42 µmol.m-2 s-1 and temperature of 25 + 2 ºC. After 28 days the procedure 3 showed the highest in vitro contamination rates. And the highest percentages of germination were obtained in the procedures of desinfestation 1, 2 and 4. For the multiplication they were evaluated in the culture mediuns MS and MS¾ (reduced in 25% of the salts of the full strenght), and the concentrations of 0; 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg L-1 of BAP. Flasks were used with 30 ml of culture medium with the pH adjusted for 5.8 and with 6 g L-1 of agar. After 21 days larger shoots number was observed with 0.3 mg L-1 of BAP for the two culture mediuns studied.