Automação e controle aplicados em máquina operatriz de solda simultânea sob os princípios da NR–12

Abstract

In the industrial environment, productivity and performance of operational equipment is constantly sought, whether manual, automatic or through robotic cells. This equipment is equipped with automation technology, which creates movement and risks of workplace accidents. Given this scenario, it becomes increasingly necessary to adapt the production process with safety measures to guarantee the physical integrity of professionals who operate this equipment. The objective of this study is to make adjustments to a welding machine, with the integration of electrical, electronic and pneumatic automation resources, aiming to maximize productivity and, at the same time, the safety of the operators involved. This is qualitative research, applied and descriptive in nature. For risk analysis, the Hazard Rating Number (HRN) method was used. Security automation measures were adopted in accordance with regulatory standard NR–12. This involved the use of a safety PLC with monitored inputs and outputs, programmed through logic gates, and a Security Panel with devices such as contactors, circuit breakers, emergency buttons, sensors, safety curtain, blocking and monitoring switches. Furthermore, the use of movements using compressed air was considered, taking into account the flow and pressure quantities. Manual and automatic depressurization valves, directional valves with double position and closed center were applied, in addition to piloted retentions. The development of the project included electrical, pneumatic and mechanical aspects, with the aim of guaranteeing protection and safe access to the machine. After completing the necessary adjustments, the machine was classified as a negligible risk level, that is, all risks of accidents and the health of the workers who operate it were eliminated.