Análise da ocupação do javali (Sus scrofa) no Parque Nacional do Itatiaia e entorno (Serra da Mantiqueira)

Abstract

The protected areas perform a primordial role in biodiversity conservation. However, frequent records of invasive exotic species (Espécies Exóticas Invasoras- EEIs) in Wildlife Protected Areas (Unidades de Conservação – UCs) have been compromising the effectiveness of UCs to preserve native species. Only in the Atlantic Forest, approximately 50% of UCs have invasive biological records, as the wild boar (Sus scrofa), which has a great invasive potential. Overall, the focus on EEIs in our country is a recent phenomenon, what makes information about their biological aspects and ecological impacts very limited. Therefore, we intend to not only expose a brief background on the topic (First part), but also elucidate the ecological aspects of wild boar populations in areas inside two protected UCs located in Serra da Mantiqueira (Second part), a priority region for the conservation of the Atlantic Forest. The monitoring of wild boars allowed us to assess the occurrence and occupation of the species, verifying that the relationship with some variables are reflex of the area aspects where they are. Currently, these populations are concentrated in high altitude areas market by low temperatures and a large amount of feeding resources. However, the current situation should change across time and then the species would occur in new areas. Therefore, follow the situation in the region is essential for the development of management plans, allowing better targeted efforts to control the species.