Eficiência econômica e custo de produção na cafeicultura de Barra do Choça, estado da Bahia

Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the main aspects of coffee production in Barra do Choça, Bahia State, in order to identify the major factors of its production; to estimate and analyze the costs of coffee production; the levei of costs and to fit a Cobb-Douglas production function and verify the efficiency of inputs allocation. The data analyzed refers to 1986 at 1988 and were collected by "survey" at the farmers of region mentioned above. It was concluded an average production at 1986 to 1988 for 683,06/purse (60 kg) for each farm, leagind a productivi ty of 10,78 purses (60 kg) for 1000 coffee tree. The estimated production function, in logarithm form, was: Y = -2,28780 + 0,52 lnX4 + 0,43 lnX? + 0,06 lnX5 - N -0,26 lnX2 - 0,04 lnX6 . The coefficient of multlple determination (R ) was 0,8527 and the "t" ('Student1 was signified at 20% to 0,5%, and "F" (Snedecor) was signified at 0,5%. The elasticity of production for chemical fertilizers (X4), machinery and equipment (X5) and labor (X?) showed that those factors were used in rational stage of production (Stage II). Agricultural defensive (X6) and number of tree/ditch. It was found that the average total cost the pro duction during the period 1986 to 1988 was about Cz$ 29.232,23/ purse (60 kg). For the first group (1-10 ha) the average total cost was about Cz$ 30.414,89, the second (10 - 50 ha)Cz$30.526,77 and the three group (50 6 ha.) was Cz$ 26.658,99, ali of them refers to purse (60 kg). The fixed costs contributs with 45,61% and the va riable cost with at 54,39% in the total costs. The more important itens are machinery/equipment and cropland, in the fixed costs and labor and chemical fertilizers in the variable costs. The average income from 1986 to 1988 was Cz 2.908,89 smaller than average total cost. The operational costs analyses showed us that it played fixed and variable costs, but not the opportunity costs. Therefor it is possible to operate in short run, but in the long run it will be inadvisable. It is probable that money farms will leave the industry the new equilibrium is reached, that is, average total costs equal average re venue.