Estudo da geração de resíduos sólidos em uma indústria de alimentos para cães, em São Sebastião do Paraíso (MG): classificação e tratamentos.

Abstract

Solid waste is the result of all processes of human activity. Currently, industries in general are concerned about the adequate management of industrial solid waste, as these may cause future problems for the environment and public health, and mean economic loss and efficiency. The best alternative for waste management is its non-generation, but since no process is one hundred percent efficient, industries must invest in waste minimization alternatives. Solid waste management involves the steps of segregation, classification, packaging, transportation and final disposal. Due to the importance of knowledge of industrial waste and its origins, the present work aims to analyze the generation of solid waste in the production process and its treatments, evaluating the current aspects of solid waste management of the company under study, aiming to propose actions and measures. The study was conducted in a dog food industry in the municipality of São Sebastião do Paraíso (MG). To meet the objective of the work, the methodology adopted was developed in five stages. A bibliographical survey was carried out that assisted the theoretical part of the work and a description of the industrial unit chosen for the study. Subsequently, it was elaborated the survey of determinant data for the work, from a diagnosis of the solid residues generated in the different sectors of the productive process. The solid waste generated was classified according to ABNT NBR 10004: 2004, with the purpose of assisting in the last stage of proposing alternatives for the minimization of solid waste generation. The results indicated that the company in question generates two types of waste, class IIA waste and class I waste. The highlighted weaknesses are segregation, management and infrastructure problems that do not correspond to the transcript in the Solid Waste Management Plan in disagreement with existing environmental legislation. The main measure that must be adopted by the company is the environmental education of its employees, aiming at the importance of awareness and changes of attitudes. By investing in adequate waste management and practices to minimize generation, the company increases its efficiency and competitiveness and reduces environmental impacts.