Empreendedorismo na gestão pública municipal e suas implicações no desenvolvimento local: um estudo de caso de ações empreendedoras no município de Paragominas no Pará

Abstract

In this study, we used an approach on entrepreneurship of the municipal public management sphere and its implications for local development within in the context of Brazilian reality, focusing on the management of a municipality of Pará, Brazil, analyzing the implemented actions characterized as derived from entrepreneurial strategies within the public administration. The objective was to demonstrate the role of entrepreneurship in the Brazilian public sector, especially in the sphere of municipal management, and the entrepreneurial actions developed in the municipal public management and its implications for local development, through the analysis of the narratives from managers of the municipality of Paragominas-PA, in the period from 1997 to 2016. The intent was to answer the following question: Can the actions developed by the managers of the studied municipality be considered as entrepreneurial? Moreover, which impacts have they ensured for local development? To answer, we at first conducted a theoretical review regarding the transformations that occurred within the Brazilian public administration, focusing on the challenges and paths taken by the municipal public management and the local development. In a second moment, we sought to understand the nature and concepts that permeate the construct of entrepreneurship using an approach of its origins and development, initially in the business environment, but highlighting the entrepreneurship in the public sector, anchored by the following theorists: Robert and King (1991), Osborne and Gaebler (1994), Morris and Jones (1999), Paula (2005), Costa (2008), Kearney, Hisrich and Roche (2007), Klein et al.

(2010), Meynhardt and Diefenbach (2012), Valadares and Emmendoerfer (2012), García- Villaverde, Ruiz-Ortega and Canales (2013), Baggio and Baggio (2014), Valadares (2016),

among others. In this course, we verified thаt the focus of entrepreneurship in the Brаzilian public environment emerged in the 1990's. However, despite advаnces, the theme is still incipient in the country. We also sought to understаnd the theme of entrepreneuriаl actions and their impаcts on municipаl public mаnagement as a driving force for locаl development. Regarding the methodologicаl procedures, we opted for an exploratory-descriptive cаse study with qualitative nature, based on primary data, semi-structured interview, and participant and secondary observations, as well as book and documental analysis. The reseаrch wаs conducted with three mаyors of the municipаlity in question, during their respective administrations, and with three municipаl secretаries of diverse areаs. The results showed thаt the entrepreneuriаl phenomenon is the primary factor related to the local development of the studied municipality, of which presence was verified through an analysis relating the municipal actions taken with the entrepreneurial perspective of Kim (2010), demonstrating the dimensional and organizational characteristics with the view of entrepreneurial government of Osbourn and Gaebler (1994). From the final considerations, we can infer that, despite the limitations imposed to the public service concerning the application of the concept of entrepreneurship, used with higher efficiency in the private sector, the municipality adopted this entrepreneurial profile involving public agents and the local community, highlighting the extensive and committed participation of the society. The fruits of these actions are currently being harvested, years after the implementation of the first entrepreneurial actions.