Diagnóstico da regularização ambiental em propriedades rurais: relatório técnico de uma bacia hidrográfica do noroeste de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Brazilian environmental legislation has undergone several phases since the beginning of the 20th century, with a marked improvement mainly in the second half of that century. These changes prevailed until they reached the current national environmental system (SISNAMA), created to protect the environment with policies to control human activities through regularization instruments, allowing enterprises with polluting potential to plan and regulate themselves before the legislation. The purpose of this study was to obtain a diagnosis of land use and occupation on rural properties in the Canudos stream watershed, located in the Northwest of Minas Gerais, considering three environmental regularization instruments, namely, Rural Environmental Registry, Environmental Licensing, and the Grant for water use. The aim was to obtain information to characterize the properties of the studied river basin according to adherence to the instruments mentioned above through secondary data available

for public consultation on official websites of the state and federal government, non- governmental organizations, and private websites. Field observation and this author's 15 years

of rural extension experience in the region were also used. We prepared a technical report based on this diagnosis. Secondary data was used for data collection through research into the information declared by producers in the Rural Environmental Registry and research on the IDE System platform from the Minas Gerais government. The data underwent qualitative and quantitative analysis, diagnosing the environmental situation, land use, and occupation of the study areas. The result showed a low adherence of producers to two of the instruments (Grant or dispensation and environmental licensing). However, there was a significant adherence to the Rural Environmental Registry instrument. The study area of 1732 hectares presents an area of 564.79 hectares of preserved or regenerating vegetation, corresponding to 32% of the area. Most rural producers in the basin may lack the information necessary to adhere to the environmental legislation instruments, causing legal uncertainty that could compromise the performance of the productive sector in that location.