Análise dos instrumentos da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos no estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The National Water Resources Policy (PNRH - Law 9433/97) is the federal law responsible for managing water resources in Brazil. Water resources are essential to life and to maintaining the environment. Therefore, managing their use is an effective form of ensuring availability. The serious problems Brazil has faced concerning the lack of water in many regions are obvious. The inadequate management of water resources can be one of the causes. This study aimed at evaluating if the PNRH has been applied in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, by means of analyzing the implementation of its instruments. For this, we obtained data from the Mining Institute of Water Management. The evaluated instruments were planning tools, control and economic. We conducted bibliographical and documentary researches. To review the implementation indicators, we used the Multicriteria analysis method applied with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The State of Minas Gerais is divided into 36 Planning Units, of which 75% have a basin plan; 22.2% have already charges for water use; all emit water use grants; and 30.5% perform charging for water use and have all information available in an information system. To analyze the implementation of the instruments, we verified a high contribution to the proper management of water resources in Minas Gerais. In conclusion, we found that planning tools have been implemented in the state, and that the framework of waterways includes a few Planning Units. The award, a control instrument, has been implemented. Charging for the use of water resources is still not significant in the state. Water Resources Management must be implemented in the State in order to completely improve the tools.