Doses de gesso e distribuição em profundidade no solo de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e glomalina em cafeeiro no cerrado

Abstract

The thesis is divided into two parts, the first being a general introduction, and the second two articles. The first article presents a literature review on the mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and coffee plantations. This article replaces the required theoretical framework in the thesis. His proposal is a quantitative and qualitative literature review, using meta-analysis and critical review of developments and trends. The review showed the importance of mycorrhizal fungi for growth, plant nutrition and production of coffee beans. It is clear that there is a gap in the evaluation of different management methods, adopted in coffee and its effects on AMF and the need to expand the research, particularly under field conditions to give the real contribution of AMF as biofertilizers, biostimulant and biocontrol for coffee. The second paper is a study on the impact of high doses of phosphogypsum on the spatial distribution of mycorrhizal fungi and Glomalin and aggregates of the coffee ground in the Cerrado. Therefore, ensure reviewed the spore density, species richness, frequency of occurrence, root colonization, Glomalin soil and soil aggregate productivity and leaf phosphorus and grain. The total wealth recovered in the area under coffee, was 13 AMF species, 9 species in the rainy season and 10 species in the dry. In the rainy season, the Claroideoglomus Glomus species was recovered only treatment he received 7 t ha-1 of phosphogypsum in depth 0,20-0,40m and Rhizophagus intraradices only in the treatment with 56 t ha-1 of phosphogypsum in 0-0,40-0,60m depth; and in the dry season, the species Acaulospora sp. and Glomus tortuosum were recovered at the treatment he received 7 t ha-1 of phosphogypsum in depth 0-0,20m; and Gigaspora spp. It was recovered at all doses of gypsum and depth, the two stations. The application of high doses of gypsum in the soil under coffee did not affect spore density and richness of AMF. The root colonization was superior in depth 0-0,20m in two seasons. The protein content of the soil easily extractable (PSGFE) decreased linearly with increasing dose of phosphogypsum and increased with depth in the rainy season. The soil aggregates with Ø> 2.0 mm had the highest PSGFE levels in two seasons.