Dinâmica e gestão ambiental em agroindústrias: uma analise sob a ótica da teoria das representações sociais

Abstract

This work concerns about the environmental subject, under an ethical and behavioral perspective. It was considered that the essence ofthis debate is in a new thinking of the anthropocentric ethic that guides humans to an individualistic relaüonship with the nature and the human beings. However, several reductionisms are noticed in the diffusion and incorporation of the theme, like those that refer to a naturalistic, technical and market stamp, especially in private organizations. Facing this situation, a multicase study was performed in two dairy industries in the south ofMinas Gerais. This industrial section has a great importance in socio-economical terms but the inherent polluted loan to its productive processes is high, what is generating a growing rigidity of the legislatíon. Therefore, the work intended to unmask the managers and workers' social representations of the environmental subject, in global, sectorial and daily aspects; so the industrial realities was analyzed by means of non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews and posterioranalysis of the speeches. In terms ofresults, it was seenthat the environmental subjectwas difíusedto the managers by the technicians of the "Minas Ambiente Project"- which is a result of partnerships among universities, legislators and support organs for the small and médium industries - under a technical reductionism. This fact generates reactive postures to the legislatíon and the use of technologies. In the dairy industries properry said, it was noticed, among the managers of the dairy industry A, the presence of what was called "market reductionism" Among the employees, in the factory with efíluents treatment station (ETS), also in the one without ETS, there were found, in the sectorial aspect, representations that express a technical reductionism, coming from the sensitization processes received. Thisis reflected in the daily aspect,wherethere were found externai representations, that is, the non-incorporation of the information received in a global aspect in the people's daily reality. In the dairy industry B, the managers and employees' speeches revealed a strong dissatisfaction with the legislatíon. Therefore, the inspectors are yet the major source of information about the environmental problems of the dairy industry, what influences in the constructíon of technical social representations about the cnvironment. In the whole vision, it was seen that the presence of a ETS in a factory doesn't generate the total incorporation ofthe environmental subject in the organization, and ncither in the daily routine ofthe organization?s members. This presence, as well as that of the inspectors demanding changes, only influences in the formation of technical social representations of environment. Thus, it becomes necessary scnsitization processes that, before everything, search what the subjccts built in terms of knowledge, that is, their social representations ofthe environmental subject, so that it can be treated considering its essence and complexity.