Características agronômicas e seleção de progênies de cafeeiro resistentes a Meloidogyne paranaensis em área infestada

Abstract

Due to the susceptibility of Coffea arabica to nematodes, great damage has occurred in areas infested by this pathogen. After infestation in the soil, its control is inefficient, making the use of resistant cultivars be the best alternative for cultivation in these areas. The objective in this work was to carry out a selection of Coffea arabica progenies in infested areas by Meloidogyne paranaensis in order to select materials that present resistance to this nematode, and desirable agronomic characteristics. The experiment was installed at Guaiçara Farm in February 2012, located in the Municipality of Piumhi - MG. Twenty-one coffee progenies were evaluated in the F5 generation, being 18 resulting from the crossing between selections Catuaí Vermelho x Amphillo MR group, two progenies resulting from the crossing between Amphillo MR x Híbrido Natural, a progeny resulting from the crossing of the Catuaí Vermelho x Híbrido de Timor and 5 commercial cultivars used as control (Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Mundo Novo IAC 379-19, MS Resplendor, Paraíso MG H 419-1 and Híbrido de Timor UFV 408-26). A randomized complete block design was used, with three replications, totaling 78 plots, each plot consisting of eight plants. The spacing used was 3.00 x 0.50 m in the rows and between plants, respectively. The populations Meloidogyne paranaensis per gram of coffee roots and the population per gram of tomato roots used as bioindicators for the nematodes presence in soil collected in the rhizosphere of coffee plants in each plot, productivity (bags.ha-1), vegetative vigor, maturation cycle, maturation uniformity, coffee classification by grain size (sieve 17 and above), classification of mocha coffee were evaluated. It is concluded that the progenies MG 0179-3-R1-151 and MG 0185-2-R2-132 present resistance to Meloidogyne paranaensis and good agronomic characteristics in an area naturally infested by this nematode, so indicated for plantations in this situation. Nine progenies presented tolerance/resistance characteristics to M. paranaensis.