RODOGE: protocolo de disseminação de mensagens de alerta de acidentes com controles e regras de reenvio de mensagens

Abstract

Advancement in technological development of Wireless Network, specially of Cellular Network with fifth generation (5G), allowed communication in different locations and purposes, with high data rates, scalability and low latency. Device-to-device (D2D) communications are expected to play a key role with this development, as they enable direct communication between devices with reduced degree of involvement from the base stations. One of the research areas that has grown in recent years due to these advances in comu=munication is the vehicle network, or Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANET), in which vehicles communicate with other vehicles and use traffic safety applications. Among VANET's main applications is accident detection and reporting, which usually relies on broadcasting alert messages to other vehicles, as well as transmitting this alert to infrastructure devices. Each receiving vehicle or infrastructure device also resends the alert message in order to inform the situation to other drivers in the region of interest. The challenge in these networks is to reduce the number of forwarded messages, which can occur uncontrollably, resulting in a broadcast storm, which is the flooding of the network by excessive messages. This paper proposes a protocol for the dissemination of alert messages with replication control called RODOGE (Rules to prevent Over-Dissemination of messaGEs). Rules and functions applied by RODOGE limit the dissemination of messages by vehicles and infrastructure devices, avoiding the broadcast storm. RODOGE has been tested and compared with other classic message dissemination protocols through extensive simulations using OMNeT++, computer network simulator, SUMO, vehicular traffic simulator and Veins, framework that joins these simulators. Two scenarios were simulated with urban and highway traffic, Grid and Cologne, with one and two accidents. Results showed that RODOGE reduces the amount of messages generated and received, preventing network flooding, while maintaining sufficient message coverage area to allow drivers reaction to a detected accident.