Variabilidade genética entre cultivares comerciais e híbridos experimentais de morangueiro com ênfase em análise de múltiplos fatores

Abstract

In order to develop strawberry cultivars adapted to the Brazilian edaphoclimatic conditions, parents are evaluated and selected with promising genetic characteristics. During the selection of materials some strategies have been adopted for the success of the breeding program, for example, the use of statistical tools such as multivariate data analysis techniques. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of similarity between strawberry genotypes for the purpose of diagnosing possible groupings in relation to the variables analyzed using analysis techniques multivariate. It was studied 103 experimental hybrids developed by Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) breeding program and seven imported commercial cultivars, evaluating the production characteristics and the physico-chemical variables of the fruit of each genotype, using the multiple factor analysis (MFA) and principal components (PCA). The 110 genotypes studied showed a high degree of similarity among them (78.8%), with more than 97% of the experimental hybrids having strong or high similarity with the other genotypes. The commercial cultivars 'Camarosa' and 'Oso Grande', and the experimental hybrids MDSC12-146, MCA12-121 and MDA12-23 are the materials that present greater divergence with respect to the other genotypes studied, being recommended to increase the genetic base in the program improvement.