Conhecimento sobre o papel do fogo: no olhar multifacetado do saber e fazer dos sujeitos sociais

Abstract

In this study, the knowledge under the ecological role of fire was approached under the multifaceted look of the knowledge and action of the social subjects of the research. Considering this fact, the aim of the study was to describe the rural knowledge about flames and fire in Lavras - MG, in the surroundings of the Ecological Park Quedas do Rio Bonito and the need to use them in rural areas. The opinions of residents and rural landowners (central subjects) were collected, in loco, within a radius of 2 kilometers and specific groups (secondary social subjects) active in society in preventing and fighting fires in order to identify anthropic action on the territory. The research was developed in a qualitative approach, by the descriptive-exploratory method through the application of a questionnaire. The study was conducted in two stages. The preliminary stage was carried out through a pilot test to learn about productive practices and consisted of unstructured interviews, dialogic between researcher and interviewees. The second stage consisted of the approach to the secondary social subjects, as they have the knowledge to be investigated regarding the use of fire and the problems faced by the community in the period known as “fire season”. In the municipality of Lavras, the practice of setting fires, in the urban perimeter, can be observed for the reduction of costs for the cleaning of lots and green areas. In the countryside, it is used for the cleaning of the land and for pasture renovation. It was evidenced that, due to lack of information and guidance, carelessness, the practice can turn into uncontrolled fires, besides the need for changes in soil preparation techniques for pasture and plantation renovation. The results of this research can be used as a subsidy for preventive planning and on how to proceed so that the use of fire is used under control, reducing the risk and the incidence of rural fires from this region.