Criação da garoupa-verdadeira (Epinephelus marginatus) no Brasil: aspectos produtivos e parâmetros genéticos

Abstract

The farming of the species Epinephelus marginatus (dusky grouper) has been driven by the reduction of its supply through capture fishing and by its economic relevance, being a noble and highly appreciated fish, and presenting high market prices. Thus, Article 1 aimed to evaluate the body growth of Epinephelus marginatus using non-linear models in different commercial culture systems. For this, 445 individuals were assessed for 730 days in three culture systems: net-tank at sea, continuous flow system, and dugout pond. The Logistic model showed the best data adjustment. The system net-tank at sea showed the highest average body weight (838 g) and maximum asymptotic growth rate (1.8 g/day). Article 2 aimed to evaluate, through phenotypic correlation, the direct and indirect effects of morphometric measurements and their relationships on the body weights and yields of the dusky grouper, by the method of trail analysis. Were used 150 individuals with a medium weight of 680 ± 250 g. Results showed that height and standard length were responsible for explaining most of the variation in body weights and yields. Finally, Article 3 aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for traits related to the body growth of dusky grouper in a commercial farming system. A total of 387 individuals from 4 broodstock and 1 breeder were used. Heritability estimates ranged from moderate to high for morphometric measurements and body weights, and high for fillet weight and carcass weight. Genetic correlations were most significant, positive and of moderate to high magnitude. Annual genetic gain estimated can achieve 9.9% for body weight and 9% for filet weight. Obtained results from this study can help farming systems and breeding programs for this genetic resource.