Genética da paisagem: áreas prioritárias para manejo e a conservação de Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) Macleish no Estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Eremanthus erytrhopappus, known popularly as candeia, is a forest species characteristic of the landscape of the state of Minas Gerais Its wood is prized because of its natural durability and production of oil, whose active ingredient (alpha-bisabolol) is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Due to its economic importance, this species has been exploited indiscriminately over the years. The exploitation of E. erythropappus, is characterized by predatory and will surely lead to drastic reductions in the size of their natural populations by altering their behavior. Aiming to characterize the genetic variability and to provide information that could be used for the maintenance and conservation of the species was carried out the study of 200 individuals from ten populations of the species in the state of Minas Gerais. Nine ISSR primers were used which yielded 72 polymorphic loci. The results indicate intermediate diversity within populations (62,20%). The expected heterozygosity (He) and Shannon index (I) were 0.30 and 0.44, respectively. The gene flow to the set of populations was low (Nm = 1.4). There was a positive correlation and significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances (r = 0.632, P = 0.001) among populations. The Bayesian analysis indicated a intermideate diversity among populations (ӨB = 0.24), and also that the ten sampled populations are distinct from each other. Through the Mantel correlogram and analysis of genetic discontinuity ten populations were defined as operational units for conservation, but not economically feasible for the set up five operational units for E. erythropappus conservation. These data are important to help and enhance the conservation stragies of E. erytrhopappus.