Imigrantes internacionais no mercado de trabalho formal do agronegócio brasileiro

Abstract

In order to verify the salary differences between international immigrants and native workers, this paper measures and analyzes the Brazilian agribusiness formal labor market. Using the RAIS microdata, it was verified that, in 2019, the foreign population employed in the country's agribusiness was composed of approximately 37,000 individuals, with 70.6% of them allocated in the industry segment and 20.7% in the services segment. Among these workers, 34.8% have no educational instruction level and only 8.2% have completed higher education. In terms of wages, immigrants earn an average of 12% more than Brazilians, and white and yellow foreigners from North American and European countries earn the highest wages. The regression analysis made it possible to reinforce this context, showing that the categories of male workers, employees in the Southeast region and individuals with higher education have higher salary averages. Finally, through the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, it was estimated that, despite some categories of foreigners earn more than Brazilians, they could receive even higher salaries if the immigrants’ level of the explained terms were adjusted to the same levels as Brazilians’. When considering only immigrants, higher unexplained differences were evidenced between men and women, whites and non-whites and non-Latinos and Latinos, always positive for the first categories.