Diversidade microbiana e metabólitos produzidos durante a fermentação de caxiri

Abstract

Caxiri is a traditional alcoholic brew produced from cassava, corn and sweet potato Yudjá or Jurunas by Indians in Brazil. The caxiri fermentation is associated with increased of total microbial population, and yeasts represent the largest population. The final product is characterized by higher concentrations of ethanol and lactic acid. The dynamics of the microbial community was investigated by techniques dependent and independent of cultivation. The complex microbial community structure and composition changed during the fermentation process. The bacterial population ranged from 2.51 to 5.66 log CFU/mL, and yeast population ranged from 4.15 log CFU/ml to 6.73 log CFU/mL during 48 hours of fermentation. Of 237 bacterial isolates were identified species of the genera Lactobacillus, Weisella, Leuconostoc and Enterococcus. Of 108 isolates were identified yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia kluyveri, Candida tropicalis, Debaryomyces fabryi e Rhodotorula sp. The pH and soluble solids decreased from 6.5 to 3.0 and from 9.0 to 3.0 during fermentation, respectively. The final ethanol concentration was 88.15 g/L, and lactic acid was 14.25 g/L. This study allowed a better understanding of the dynamics of the microbiota and metabolites produced during fermentation of caxiri.