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Artigo
Anatomical tool for maize seedling ploidy identification and potential use in the double haploid obtainment process
(2023-08-16) Pires, Raquel M. de O.; Pinho, Édila V. de R. V.; Souza, Genaina A.; Vilela, Danielle R.; Santos, Heloisa O. dos; Pereira, Wilson V. S.
Studies that optimize maize (Zea mays L.), haploid identification and removal technique lineages are of great importance for crop production. Although morphological markers are commonly used, there is a strong influence of the environment. We aimed to study the use of anatomical analysis tools in young maize leaves as indirect markers for ploidy identification. Hybrids were crossed with the KEMS haploid inducer. The seeds crossed were selected according to the R-navajo marker and submitted to two different protocols of chromosome duplication. After the self-polinization of the DH0 plants, the DH1 seeds were taken to the field and divided into treatments according to the parental and duplication protocols. Leaf tissue samples were collected to evaluate the amount of DNA, identify ploids and perform anatomical analysis at the V4 stage. The nuclear DNA review of each sample was performed for the comparison in histograms of the position of the G1 peak to the G1 peak of the internal or external reference standard. A high accuracy came to validate an anatomical tool, through the variables studied in this work, as a marker in the differentiation of ploidy in maize plants, and it can be used in selection programs. The anatomy tool, together with the flow cytometry technique, can be used as an indirect method in haploid cutting programs at the initial stage of seedling identification.
Artigo
Anatomic characteristics of branches related to the vegetative growth of coffee tree (Coffea arabica L., Rubiaceae) under nutritional variation
(2023-07-21) Carréra, Jéfyne Campos; Resende, Thales Barcelos; Campos, Alisson André Vicente; Souza, Ray Rodrigues de; Oliveira, Inês Maria Maculan de; Ribeiro, Carolina Alves; Gavilanes, Manuel Losada; Guimarães, Rubens José; Mori, Fábio Akira
Although the anatomical tracts of the stem are used to assess the vegetative vigor of different crops, little is known about which characteristics of the vascular system contribute to the growth of coffee plants or how these characteristics are influenced by variations in macronutrients. The study objective was to understand how the growth, anatomical characteristics of the stem, and yield of coffee plants were modified by nutritional variation and which anatomical variables most contribute to growth and/or yield of the coffee plants. Growth, yield, and characteristics of the vascular system of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches of coffee plants, subjected to different percentages of NPK delivered by standard fertilization for coffee plants, had been evaluated. All the evaluated characteristics best fit the quadratic regression model. Growth, morphology, anatomy, and yield were promoted to some extent by NPK fertilization. Orthotropic branches had larger vessel diameters and ray frequencies, whereas in plagiotropic branches, vessels were more numerous. The pith area and the frequency of the rays were correlated with the height of the plant, which in turn was correlated with yield. Plant height, anatomy, and yield were modified by the fertilization. The best NPK range for plant height and yield was 100–130% of the standard. The anatomical variables most correlated with plant height were the pith area of the plagiotropic branch and the ray frequency of the orthotropic branch.
Artigo
Anarquizar a clínica em defesa de outras vidas para a educação
(2023-11-19) Carvalho, Alexandre Filordi de; Gallo, Sílvio
The objective of the paper is to develop the analytical hypothesis that the experience of illness in the clinic, once permeated by historical and critical conditions, unfolded in parallel with a conception of life and that, therefore, foreshadowed implications for Foucault’s conception of biopolitics. In order to affirm a conception of life, others had to be abandoned. At stake is “the set of gestures by which the disease, in a society, is involved, medically invested, isolated, distributed in privileged and closed regions, or distributed by means of cure, organized to be favorable”. We will conceive in the idea of “anarchizing” the clinic as a possibility of breaking with its foundations, in the direction of the anarcheology proposed by Foucault in the first classes of 1980, the possibility of resistance to this process. Hence, an attitude of distrust of any power is necessary, in its very origin of normalization; distrusting the powers over life that were built and are built around the clinic, questioning its foundation (arkhé) means questioning the alliances between the clinic and biopolitics, thinking about education.
dissertação
Segurança alimentar e nutricional dos agricultores familiares e seus condicionantes no assentamento Campo Verde, Terenos (MS)
(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2026-05-28) Ohi, Carline Yumi; Vilas Boas, Lucas Guedes; Pitaluga, Christiane Marques; Romaniello, Marcelo Márcio; Campos, Raquel Pires
This study aimed to analyze the food and nutritional security of family farmers in the Campo Verde settlement, Terenos-MS. It is a quantitative-qualitative study, with field research. Visits were conducted and a semi-structured questionnaire was applied, with questions about socioeconomic profile, production profile and food profile. The research included 31 participants, mostly women, married, and over 41 years old. Most families have resided in the area for more than 10 years, with Family units of up to four people. Housing conditions were rated as good or excellent by most respondents, with access to electricity, well water, and basic goods. However, limitations in sanitation persist, such as the predominant use of septic tanks and the burning of inorganic waste. Access to healthcare exists but is hampered by distance and the temporary deactivation of the local health unit, forcing travel to other settlements or cities. In terms of food, a relatively healthy pattern was observed, based on traditional foods, with low consumption of ultra-processed foods. Despite this, there is a strong dependence on purchasing food in the city, especially grains, indicating low land use for subsistence production. Agricultural production is limited, with livestock farming predominating and land use mainly for pasture. There is low productive diversification, little product processing, and reduced participation in institutional programs such as PNAE and PAA. Although the plots are of adequate size for family farming, factors such as water scarcity, lack of technical assistance, and structural limitations in the production. Regarding food security, most families have security, with few cases of mild or moderate insecurity, generally associated with income sharing among multiple families on the same plot. In the field of agroecology, many participants do not formally know the concept, but adopt compatible practices, such as the use of manure, natural pest control, and the absence of pesticides. The study shows that, despite relatively adequate basic living conditions, the settlement faces structural challenges that limit agricultural production, food autonomy, and the permanence of new generations in the countryside. This reinforces the need for public policies focused on technical assistance, incentives for diversified production, strengthening of cooperatives, and expansion of access to government programs, aiming to promote food sovereignty and food security for settled families.
Artigo
Analysis of the financial fragility hypothesis applied of Brazilian states by means of structural equations
(2023-02) Caríssimo, Cláudio Roberto; Carvalho, Eduardo Gomes; Carvalho, Francisval de Melo; Aveline, Carlos Eduardo Stefaniak
Studies of financial instability were undertaken by Hyman Minsky, his analyses resulted in the Financial Fragility Hypothesis. Such phenomena can also be studied and analysed from the point of view of governments’ financial positions. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyse the effects of public debt interest and charges on financial fragility in relation to Brazilian states’ public debt. For this purpose, structural equation modelling was used as the empirical procedure. The effects of the structural model’s constructs explained 90.2% of the Public Sector Financial Position, specifically, in this study, the Brazilian states’ financial position. The Gaussian Copula technique was used to assess the model's endogeneity problems, which were not found. The results show that financial fragility in Brazilian states is caused by excessive current spending but is aggravated by interest and amortization costs that exceed the Current Revenue/Current Expenditure balance.