Potencial de utilização de resíduos da cultura de soja tratados com água e hidróxido de sódio para produção de painéis aglomerados

Abstract

Brazil is one of the largest soybean producers and, consequently, generates a large amount of residues from this culture, which could be used in the manufacture of agglomerates. This work aimed to analyze the physico-mechanical characteristics of agglomerated panels, produced with particles of soy and eucalyptus residues, treated in cold water and sodium hydroxide. A 50:50 ratio of eucalyptus particles and soybean bushes was adopted. The nominal density of the panels was 0.60 g/cm³. Urea-formaldehyde adhesive with a solids content of 12% was used. Three treatments were adopted: particles treated with cold water and particles treated with NaOH (with a concentration of 1%, in addition to a treatment with control particles. The chemical components of the lignocellulosic materials were quantified for the three situations. The parameters of the pressing cycle were : 4 MPa (pressure), 150 °C (temperature), for 8 min. Reductions were observed in the contents of total extractives, after the treatments. Regarding the physical properties, the treatments applied to the particles did not demonstrate efficiency, as they did not bring improvements for the dimensional stability of the panels and none of the treatments reached the minimum value specified by the standard used. For the mechanical properties, the panels produced with water-treated particles met the requirements for the MOE. For the perpendicular tensile properties and Janka hardness, all the panels reached the values specified by NBR 14810 (2013). The other properties tested the (MOR, APS and APT) did not meet the standard. The treatments applied to soybean and eucalyptus particles did not demonstrate efficiency for physical properties, but some mechanical properties met the minimum requirements of NBR 14810 (2013) for non-structural panels for indoor use in a dry environment (Type P2).