Caracterização produtiva física e química de cultivares de nogueira-macadâmia

Abstract

The walnut macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche), is being cultivated in Brazil as an alternative income, due to the high value of your almond in the international market as well as the acceptance by consumers. The walnut macadamia is of subtropical origin, presents few problems requires few pesticides and crop management, absorbing so little manpower. It produces a nut with the highest value of the global market. There are a number of walnut macadamia cultivars, however, does not know the productive performance and quality of these materials in almonds Brazilian conditions. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the performance and quality of kernels obtained from cultivars of macadamia nuts in Itpira - São Paulo. The production of cultivars in the eastern region of São Paulo began in mid-february and runs until the end of June. IAC 9-20 was early and the later HAES 722, while HAES 344 provided the lower range of crop and 791 Fuji and HAES 849 the highest. IAC 9-20X, HAES 816 and IAC 9-20 showed the highest growth performance. With regard to biometrics, the dimensions of the fruits showed differences in cultivars. The cultivar Edson presented fruits with dimensions and masses of carpel, peel and almond, higher compared to other cultivars. The cultivars C160, HAES 849, IAC 4-12B, HAES 816, Mauka and Edson had TR (return rate) above 35%. IAC 9-20X had a higher percentage of protein as well as the presence of palmitic acid, palmitoleic, oleic, -linolenic acid, linolenic and eurucic. The kernels of all walnut macadamia cultivars have analyzed palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, -linolenic acid, eurucic. The value of the ratio ω-6 and ω-3 is dependent on the cultivar.