Cenários de viabilização dos instrumentos econômicos ambientais para conservação da savana brasileira

Abstract

Environmental economic instruments are alternatives to enable the conservation of natural resources in relation to the opportunity cost of a given agricultural crop. By quantifying both, it is possible to effectively compare the Net Present Value with the financial income offered by programs for valuing environmental services. Some socioenvironmental options have been examined in order to propose paths contrary to environmental degradation. We use data that dimension environmental economic instruments and these in turn can discourage rural landowners and squatters from converting their vegetated areas into areas intended for agricultural production, this is due to the fact that environmental economic instruments add monetary value to native vegetation. The opportunity costs that did not exceed the values of the environmental programs were for dairy and beef cattle, corn and sugar cane. Those that were not refuted by any alternative economic viability were coffee and soy. Finally, the monetary aspect, although relevant, is not exclusively necessary for the engagement of rural landowners in the conservation of the remnants, this happens, because the concept of living in a preserved and balanced environment extrapolates financial resources and unravels the benefits of environmental services . We understand that the use of environmental economic instruments can direct rural property producers to internalize the benefits they provide by maintaining native vegetation, suggesting a potential to curb deforestation in the Brazilian savanna.