Potencial nematicida do resíduo em pó do rebeneficiamento de café sobre Meloidogyne incognita em tomateiro

Abstract

Meloidogyne incognita infects various agricultural crops, causing significant losses in productivity. Its management has predominantly relied on the use of synthetic nematicides and the cultivation of resistant varieties. However, agricultural processing residues are widely used as fertilizers. Several of these residues have untapped potential for managing crop pests and diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal potential of coffee processing residue, a widely available byproduct, as an alternative for the integrated management of M. incognita. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as partial characterization of the residue, its activity was assessed. In the first in vitro experiment, different doses of the residue extract (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) significantly reduced egg hatching, achieving up to 98% inhibition. In the second in vitro experiment, doses of 1.5% and 2% increased the mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2), reaching up to 92%. The residue was fractionated into residual carbon, methanolic extract, and aqueous extract. The application of the aqueous extract of the carbonized residue at a dose of 1.1% (w/v) resulted in 100% J2 mortality compared to the watertreated control. Chemical characterization of the residue revealed high concentrations of chlorogenic acid, catechin, and trigonelline, compounds with known bioactive properties. The results confirmed the potential of coffee processing residue to interfere with the hatching and reproduction of M. incognita. The presence of bioactive fractions rich in phenolic compounds and alkaloids may explain its nematicidal action, highlighting it as a promising alternative for the sustainable management of this pest