Sistema antecipe para a estabilidade de produção de culturas

Abstract

Brazilian agriculture, characterized by its high productive complexity and strong economic relevance, faces increasing instability resulting from climate change, water deficit, irregular rainfall, and rising extreme temperatures. In this context, it becomes essential to adopt more resilient production systems,such asintercropped and intensified cropping, which serve as strategies to mitigate risks and promote agricultural sustainability. Among these technologies, the Antecipe System, developed by Embrapa, stands out as an innovative alternative to reduce climate risk in second-season maize and sorghum production. The system consists of the early inter-row sowing of these cereals into soybean crops still in the reproductive stage, allowing the second crop to be sown within the ideal window recommended by the Agricultural Zoning for Climate Risk (ZARC). This study aimed to evaluate the impact on soybean yield resulting from the traffic of the Antecipe System’s seeder-fertilizer during early sowing, and to assess the agronomic performance of maize and sorghum under early cultivation. The adoption of agricultural practices such as Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration (ILPF), Agroforestry Systems (SAFs), No-Till System (SPD), and intercropped cultivation strengthens the resilience of production systems in the face of climatic factors. Furthermore, the implementation of early cultivation through the Antecipe System, combined with the use of ZARC to define periods of lower climate risk, represents a strategy for more efficient, profitable, and sustainable agriculture. The results show that the Antecipe System increases maize and sorghum productivity by taking advantage of higher rainfall during crop development, compared to post-soybean cultivation, which is carried out under greater climate risk. In addition, the traffic of the Antecipe System’s seeder-fertilizer between soybean rows does not compromise soybean yield. The adoption of this practice, in synergy with other agricultural technologies that enhance its benefits, promotes an agriculture focused not only on productivity but also on long-term sustainability.