Melhoramento genético do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) visando resistência durável à ferrugem e estabilidade fenotípica por meio de seleção recorrente

Abstract

The programs of genetic improvement of the coffee plant have been giving emphasis to the obtaining cultivars resistant the rust, minimizing the damages caused by the disease to the Brazilian coffee growing. The development of resistant cultivars or tolerant to pests and diseases has important role in the productivity increase, decrease of production costs beyond to reduce the contamination of the atmosphere and the risk of workers contamination, due to decreased use of phytosanitary products. The objective in this work was to identify, through recurrent selection, durable rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. et Br.) resistant progenies. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Agriculture Department/Coffee Production Sector, on the Campus of UFLA, in Lavras, Minas Gerais. Fourty three progenies were evaluated obtained by crossings, according to a diallel scheme of cultivating Icatu with Catuaí, Topázio, Rubi and Acaiá, more the cultivate Acauã, as control. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, with three replications and 7 plants per plots. The analyzed characteristics were to the productivity in beans yield bags.ha-1, vegetative vigor after harvest, incidence and severity of rust. The obtained results showed variability among the progenies for vegetative vigor, incidence and rust severity. The identification of progenies with potential for selection, aimed at non-specific resistance, the progenies 12, 27, 42 and 40 outstanding of the others for they present appropriate levels of incidence and severity of the disease, allies to good productive potential and of vegetative vigor.