Série temporal de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária, em um município do sul de Minas Gerais, no período de 2012 a 2022

Abstract

Hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to Primary Care (ACSC) are a group of diseases that, through effective care in Primary Health Care (PHC), reduce the risk of hospitalizations. Thus, it is understood that if such conditions were detected early and treated, the severity of criminal cases and, consequently, health costs decreased. The aim of this time series study was to characterize and analyze the ICSAP, as well as its behavior and possible interventions over time, in a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais, from 2012 to 2022. Data were extracted from the Hospital Information System (SIH) and the Hospitalization Regulation System (SUS Fácil). Variables related to sociodemographic and clinical conditions and health outcomes were collected. A total of 10,344 general admissions were reported, of which 3,682 (35.59%) were identified as ACSC, the majority, 1,966 (53.39%), were female and 2,219 (60.27%) were elderly over 60 years old, 3.94% of ACSC ended in death. There was a dominance of hospitalizations in medical clinic beds with 3,203 (86.99%), followed by pediatrics 425 (11.54%) and obstetrics 54 (1.47%). The mean length of stay in hospital was 3.62 days. A linear trend was observed, with a negative slope for the number of general hospitalizations, in the studied period. Regarding the ICSAP, there was a temporal dependence of two months, whereas for the number of deaths due to ICSAP, no temporal dependence was identified, but a small negative slope (-0.009). Note, concomitantly with the negative slope of the findings, an increase in the number of Family Health teams (eSF) and in the number of consultations, as well as procedures at this level of care, which may have had a relevant impact on care, representing a important intervention in time. On the other hand, in the same period, the COVID-19 pandemic occurred without, however, reflecting on a negative effect on results, since hospitalizations had a downward trend. It is concluded that the number of ICSAP is still expressive, demonstrating that there are gaps at this level. However, there is a negative slope, reflecting a possible positive impact of the eSF expansion in the studied population. Thus, raising the importance of strengthening and making PHC resolute, as a way to promote health and protect the population from adverse events.