Nutrients distribution in diseased coffee leaf tissue

Abstract

Knowing the structure and distribution of nutrients in plant tissues can clarify some mechanisms of pathogen attack in plants and plant defense against infection, thus helping management strategies. The aim of this study was verify differences in distribution of mineral nutrients in coffee leaf tissues around foliar lesions of bacterial blight of coffee, blister spot, cercospora leaf, phoma leaf spot and coffee leaf rust. Fragments of leaf tissue surrounding the lesions were dehydrated in silica gel, carbon covered and subjected to X-ray microanalysis (MAX). Thirty-three chemical elements were detected in leaf tissue; however, there was variation in potassium and calcium contents surrounding the lesions. The highest potassium content was found in asymptomatic tissues surrounding the lesions, decreasing toward the transition zone and reaching minimum content in symptomatic tissues. The highest calcium content was found in symptomatic tissues, decreasing toward the transition zone and reaching minimum content in asymptomatic tissues. Therefore, MAX can be used to analyze the composition and distribution of nutrients in plant tissues and, if associated with mineral nutrition, it may help understand host-pathogen relationships and plant disease management.