Expressão de genes relacionados com a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja

Abstract

The production of soybean seeds with high physiological quality is important in guaranteeing plant populations recommended for each cultivar. It is known that there is genetic variability for this characteristic among soybean cultivars. In this context, we aimed at studying the expression of genes involved with the physiological quality of soybean seeds, at the levels of protein and transcripts. By means of the germination and vigor tests, the seeds of the CD 206 and CD 201 cultivars were classified as high quality while the Savana and Emgopa 316 were classified as low quality. The physiological, enzymatic and transcript analyses were performed on seeds of each cultivar at two harvesting times, R8 and R8 + 15 days. At a protein level, we studied the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and phosphoglucoisomerase (ICL) isoenzymatic systems. For the study of the transcript levels we used the PCR technique in real time (qRT-PCR). The method used was the CT comparative, considering the expression levels relative to the CD 201 high quality cultivar. We conclude that a larger expression of enzymes involved in respiration, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) occurs in seeds of high physiological quality, especially with a late harvest. The proteomic and transcriptomic profiles related to the genes involved in the free radicle removing systems in soybean seeds vary between cultivars and with the time of seed harvesting.