Aplicação de biomassa de microalgas na modificação de sistemas adesivos

Abstract

In the wood industry, efficient bonding is essential for the manufacture of panels such as MDF, MDP, and plywood, traditionally produced with synthetic adhesives, especially those based on urea-formaldehyde (UF). Despite being effective and economically viable, these adhesives present challenges associated with toxicity and formaldehyde emissions. Therefore, there is growing interest in green adhesives derived from natural sources. Microalgae have a rich and diverse composition, containing proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, making them highly promising as a renewable raw material. In this context, the incorporation of microalgae emerges as a strategic alternative to modify and reinforce UF adhesives. Their biochemical and microstructural characteristics can improve the internal cohesion and interfacial interaction of the adhesive, reducing the dependence on synthetic additives. Although the use of biomass in adhesive systems has gained prominence, studies investigating the potential of microalgae as reinforcement in conventional adhesives are still scarce. In this context, the present work evaluated the functional integration of commercial microalgal biomass and wastewater as a functional reinforcement in the modification of UF adhesives. The results showed that the incorporation of microalgal biomass is an effective strategy to improve the performance of urea-formaldehyde based adhesives, providing superior mechanical reinforcement and interfacial cohesion compared to biomass derived from wastewater. The study demonstrates a viable alternative for the recycling of microalgae waste in adhesive systems, supporting the principles of the circular bioeconomy and offering guidelines for the formulation of strategies based on the properties of microalgae biomass.