Reflexões sobre os processos didático-pedagógicos na educação superior: para além da moda das metodologias ativas

Abstract

This essay problematizes the adoption of Active Methodologies and the teaching performance in higher education, based on the discussion of the theoretical support that gives them basis and reflections about teaching and learning. To this end, we use literature that addresses the concepts of Active Learning, Didactics, Teacher Training, and Educational Innovation. We also use a bibliographic survey of Brazilian articles and books about Active Methodologies, that were published between 2015 and 2020. We discuss the conceptual origin of the term Active Methodologies, its theoretical contribution, the socio-cultural context that interacts with the urgency of its adoption. We analyze the role of teachers and students in the context of active learning and criticize their forms of adoption when carried out without reflection and preparation by the educational institution. We also discussed the epistemological bases of teaching and teaching-learning processes from the perspective of active learning, which is configured as a didactic issue. Finally, we list the challenges of an active and meaningful teaching and learning process, as well as highlighting elements necessary for the reframing of teaching-learning actions in postmodern higher education.