Teor e composição química do óleo essencial de Hyptis marrubioides Epl., Lamiaceae em função da sazonalidade

Abstract

Essential oils are odorous principles stored in special plant cells. The essential oil in the Hyptis genus is traditionally used as an anesthetic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, and can induce abortion in high doses. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of seasons in essential oil content and chemical composition of species H. marrubioides. A completely randomized complete design was used with four treatments (winter, spring, summer and autumn) and six replications, totaling 60 plants. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus. The qualitative analysis of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography (GC/MS). In summer, plant leaves showed higher essential oil content. In the other seasons, essential oil content was similar. The major compounds in the essential oil were monoterpene α-thujone and β-thujone. The peak relative concentrations of β-thujone did not show considerable difference among the seasons. The oxygenate sesquiterpenoids (cedrol and caryophyllenol) and not oxygenate (α-copaene, α-caryophyllene, germacrene D and cadalene), were found in lower quantity in the essential oil; however, quantitative differences were observed over the seasons.