Accuracy of temporomandibular joint disc displacement diagnosis in panoramic radiography: validation by magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate if panoramic radiography would be a suitable tool to diagnose temporomandibular joint disc displacement. Methods: The sample comprised 56 female patients divided into three groups: (1) Control (n=30); (2) disk displacement with reduction (n=17); and (3) disc displacement without reduction (n=9). All patients were evaluated according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC/TMD). Linear and angular measurements and proportion determinations were obtained from tracings of panoramic radiographs. They were compared with condyle and disc positioning obtained from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images to assess any predictive measurement associated with disc displacement with or without reduction. Possible relationship to clinical signs and symptoms of TMD was also evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference among the three groups regarding the radiograph variables. No significant association was found between radiographic variables and clinical signs or between the radiographic and MRIs variables. Conclusion: The use of panoramic radiography imaging exam for diagnostic prediction in clinical practice does not seem advisable.