Potencial da região sul de Minas Gerais para a produção de cafés especiais (I - Atividade da polifenoloxidase, condutividade elétrica e lixiviação de potássio)

Abstract

It is well known that coffee quality is directly correlated with coffee grain chemical composition. Based on this fact this research aimed to evaluate physico-chemical characteristics of coffee samples from twenty cities located in the southern Minas Gerais, selected for their coffee plant populations higher than ten million. Coffee samples were taken from ten farms at each city, totalizing 220 samples. After grain processing, the physico- chemical characteristics polyphenoloxidase activity, electric conductivity and potassium leaching were evaluated from September to December 1998. Samples with and without defects, from Varginha and Ouro Fino, showed higher polyphenoloxidase activity values, indicating lower grain damages caused, by mechanical injuries and/or microbs, consequently resulting in bitter beverage. In relation to electric conductivity, the cities that showed the lowest values, regardless grain defects, were Carmo de Minas, Muzambinho and Poços de Caldas. In relation to potassium leaching, the lowest values for samples with defects were found in those from the cities of Cabo Verde, Carmo de Minas, Muzambinho and Poços de Caldas; for samples without defects the lowest values were found in samples from the cities of Carmo de Minas and Lavras.