Aspectos morfológicos e citogenéticos de espécies de Vochysiaceae A. St.-Hil. de um fragmento de cerrado no Estado de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Vochysiaceae A. St.-Hil. species are easily seen in at flower lists, however, information on the genetic characterization of these species is still sparse in the literature, especially in the Cerrado. Therefore, the aim of this study was enrich the knowledge about Vochysiaceae, through the morphological descriptions and identification keys of the species found in a Cerrado fragment, state of MatoGrosso, and the analysis of chromosome counting, microsporogenesis and pollen morphology of these species. Specimens ofQualeagrandiflora Mart., Qualeamultiflora Mart., Qualeaparviflora Mart., Vochysiadivergens Pohl e Vochysiacinnamomea Pohl were recorded at the Herbário Central (UFMT), described morphologically and the identification keys were assembled, separating genera and species by phyllotaxis.Qualea species presented 2n = 22 chromosomes and basic number x = 11, and Vochysia species 2n = 24 and x = 12.In all species meiosis was regular, with a meiotic index close to 100, reflecting the pollen viability, which was above 70%.There were some differences in pollen grain morphology between species and similarities in dispersal mode, symmetry, polarity and aperture pattern.Principal component analysis indicated a different grouping of data from one of the trees identified as Q. parviflora.This research was a pioneer in the region, it allowed to describe morphologically and assemble the identification keys of the species of Vochysiaceae found in a Cerrado fragment, besides enabling the chromosome counting, analysis of microsporogenesis and the description of pollen morphology of these species, contributing with knowledge about the Vochysiaceae family and the flora of the region. In addition, it presented the first chromosomal count for V. divergens (2n = 24).