Concentração espacial e aglomerações produtivas na indústria do café em Minas Gerais

Abstract

This study aimed at analyzing the concentration of the coffee industry in the municipalities of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in order to delimit the locations with potential for structuring Local Productive Arrangements (LPAs). Given the state´s agricultural vocation and increasing concentration in the industrial sector of coffee agribusiness, the encouragement to potential LPAs through public policies are needed as a competitive strategy for the companies and as a form of local development. To achieve the proposed objective, this concentration was analyzed individually by municipality and by the spatial relations between them. Thus, we calculated the Normalized Concentration Index for each municipality and measured the spatial autocorrelation by Global and Local Moran Index. The sectoral data were obtained from the Secretaria Estadual de Fazenda, regarding state tax collection of Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços (ICMS), between 2002 and 2010, and the control variables were related to participation in employment and number of establishments, using data from the Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego for the same period. The results allowed us to highlight three locations with the greatest potential for forming LPAs in the coffee industry, since its productive agglomerations in this sector met all the criteria established during the entire period of analysis, being: Varginha, Capelinha and Ervália, and the last two cases the neighboring municipalities which presented coffee roasting activity should also participate in the industrial organization in question, since we verified a significant spatial association between them.