Efeito do uso de resíduo de mineração e cinzas vegetais nas propriedades de pisos táteis de concreto

Abstract

Tactile paving has the function of guiding people with visual impairments during their walk, providing conditions for the use of public spaces, and ensuring these individuals access to services offered to the community with safety and autonomy. Accessibility is intrinsically linked to civil construction, being not only a social concern but also a responsibility of those who plan and execute construction projects. The construction sector is one of the main consumers of energy and materials, with cement being among the most used. Its production is directly related to significant environmental impacts due to the extraction of non-renewable raw materials, energy consumption, and high carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, there is an demand for the development of products that aim for sustainability in cementitious materials, and tactile paving is an example of products that can be manufactured using waste materials, providing viable solutions for reusing these materials in new products. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of using mining waste, eucalyptus ash, and sugarcane bagasse ash as alternative raw materials on the properties of concrete tactile paving. The waste and ashes used in the mix were characterized in terms of granulometry, pozzolanicity, inhibition, and X-ray diffraction. Subsequently, concrete tactile paving was produced, evaluating the replacement of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of fine aggregate – stone dust – with mining waste, in addition to a control treatment without the use of waste. In the second phase of the experiment, the treatment that obtained the best results had the cement replaced by 10% and 20% eucalyptus ash and sugarcane bagasse ash. The pavings underwent a curing process for 28 days at room temperature, followed by six aging cycles, and were subsequently evaluated in both situations for their physical, mechanical, microstructural, thermographic, and durability properties. This research evaluated the potential use of mining waste, which proved to be effective for the production of directional concrete tactile paving, improving its properties, meeting commercialization standards, reducing production costs, and enabling a more sustainable destination for the waste. The use of eucalyptus ash and sugarcane bagasse ash did not yield results that met the requirements ofcommercialization standards, making their use for the production of directional concrete tactile paving not advisable.