Arginina para matrizes suínas hiperprolíficas: desempenho e função vascular

Abstract

Due to the genetic improvement and the high nutritional demand of the current swine females, nutritional strategies are being studied and developed in order to improve the productive efficiency of these females. Among the nutrients that participate in important metabolic functions, arginine stands out, a functional amino acid capable of participating as a substrate mainly for protein synthesis and formation of nitric oxide. Arginine contributes to the development of the mammary gland, which undergoes a period of metabolic increase and therefore has a high amino acid requirement. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the parameters modulated by dietary supplementation of arginine in lactating sows. Twenty-four pig breeds of the same genetic lineage were used in a commercial farm located in the municipality of Oliveira, MG. The design used was completely randomized, with a control diet (CON) and a diet supplemented with 1.0% arginine (ARG), the amino acid was supplemented on top, for an experimental period of 23 days. Performance parameters of the female swine and piglets, milk composition, blood biochemical profile and also mammary gland development were evaluated. The supplementation of arginine in the lactation diet did not influence the average daily feed intake, the body condition variables, the litter performance and the nutritional profile of the milk of these females (P> 0.05). There was an effect of arginine supplementation on plasma urea concentration (P <0.05), but there was no effect of this supplementation (P> 0.05) for the other biochemical variables. Sows fed with ARG also showed an increase in the number of blood capillaries per mm² (P <0.05). The gland position also influenced the number of blood capillaries, in which a smaller number of capillaries per mm² was observed in the inguinal glands (P <0.05). However, there was no effect of amino acid supplementation on the number of alveoli, alveolar area and in the capillary / alveolus ratio (P> 0.05). Supplementing the feed with 1.0% arginine increases the number of blood capillaries in lactating sows but does not interfere with the performance of the sows and their litter, and the thoracic and abdominal glands have a greater amount of blood capillaries than the inguinal glands.