Capítulo de livro
Cell immobilization for the fungal bioremediation of wastewater contaminated with heavy metals
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Springer
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The use of water for human consumption, as well as for industrial and agricultural activities, reached an important position on the agenda of global concerns. Urban densification and economic activities overload water treatment systems causing the need to expand the operations involved in the process. Moreover, excessive use of inputs is needed, which ultimately raises operating costs considerably. In this context, water sources that meet the needs of agricultural and industrial production, in addition to the needs for human consumption, must present minimum quality standards, especially those related to physical–chemical, organoleptic and toxicity conditions. The metallic species are reason for constant study because they have harmful effects on human health and the environment. However, conventional treatment methods are expensive when, for example, heavy metal concentration is considered. In addition to being costly, the available technologies often do not meet the demands of populations with low financial resources. Thus, bioremediation, a technique whose approach is an alternative to the question, proposes to mitigate the presence of metallic contaminants by employing living organisms, such as fungi. However, stressful environmental conditions caused by variations in temperature and pressure or even scarcity of substrates lead to changes in the metabolism of microorganisms. Therefore, the use of cell immobilization and microencapsulation techniques appears as an alternative, in order to preserve the metabolic conditions in the most varied adverse conditions. Therefore, this chapter aims to review and discuss the use of fungal wastewater bioremediation by means of the use of cell immobilization and microencapsulation technologies.
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978-981-99-2489-9
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GENIER, H. L. A. et al. Cell immobilization for the fungal bioremediation of wastewater contaminated with heavy metals. In: SHAH, M. P. (ed.). Industrial Wastewater Reuse. [S.l.]: Springer, 2023. p. 189-200.