Caracterização morfoanatômica da planta, fruto, semente e plântula de macaúba [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq. Lodd.ex. Martius)]

Abstract

The macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata (Lodd Jacq.) ex Martius), stands out among the promising oilseed plants for biodiesel production, is notable for its oleaginous potential, but also being a native of Brazil, which occurs in large massive natural in much of the country and especially in the state of Minas Gerais. Given the importance of culture for the state was created by law nº 19.485 of January 13, 2011 and Decree 45940 of 2012 the Pro-macaúba which aims to promote the integration of communities that traditionally exploit macaw palm, by encouraging the use and the rational management of the species, and transform into alternative activity for family farming and agribusiness, observing the requirements for environmental sustainability. Because of the need to disseminate technologies and technical improvement for the conduct of the species in the present study was aimed to characterize the morphoanatomy plants, germination and early development of seedlings macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata). The work was carried out botanical material obtained from Lavras, Ijaci and Lima Duarte, in the state of Minas Gerais. Were evaluated the botanical characteristics of plants, characterized the internal morphology of fruits and described the process of formation of seedling macaw palm. It was found that the stems have helical pattern with three helical parallel with a slope of 1; external morphology of seeds is influenced by the number of seeds per fruit, can be elliptic or pyramidal; radiographic images allows to evaluate the internal morphology of fruits macaw palm germination and early exposure there cotyledonary petiole-after development that originates button germinal protunde where the primary root and then there is the growth of plumule.