Isotermas de sorção de metais pesados em solos do cerrado de Goiás

Abstract

The contamination of soil and groundwater by heavy metals is extremely damaging due to high persistence of heavy metals in the environment. This work targeted the analysis of the sorption in Oxisol Typic Acrustox(LVwf), Ultisol (PVe), Kandic Oxisol (NVef) and Quartzipsamment (RQ) of heavy metals Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd, Pb and Ni. The sorption of the heavy metals in the soil was evaluated by batch method and described by potential and linear models of the Freundlich isotherm. For the establishment the of sorption isotherm, 50.0 mL of solution containing the heavy metal were added in 5.0 mL of soil, assessing with different concentrations within the acceptable soil limits. The potential and linear sorption isotherms presented good fitting to describe the behavior of adsorption of heavy metals in different classes of studied soil. The detention of heavy metals in, descending order was for PVe: Cr+3 > Cr+6 > Ni+2 > Zn+2 > Cu+2 > Pb+2 > Cd+2; for LVwf: Cr+3 > Cr+6 > Ni+2 > Cu+2 > Cd+2 > Zn+2 > Pb+2; for RQ: Cr+6 > Cr+3 >Cu+2 > Pb+2 > Ni+2 > Zn+2 > Cd+2 and for NVef: Cr+3 > Cr+6 > Pb+2 > Cu+2 > Zn+2 > Ni+2 > Cd+2. The Quartzipsamment presented a less retention of metal compared to other classes of soil, and is therefore, more vulnerable to contamination of groundwater.